Who is actually eligible for a VA loan?
Eligibility hinges on service history. Active-duty members typically qualify after 90 continuous days. Veterans need 90 days during wartime or 181 days during peacetime, with an honorable or general discharge. National Guard and Reserve members generally qualify after 6 years of service, or sooner if activated to federal duty.
Surviving spouses of service members who died in the line of duty, or from a service-connected disability, also qualify in many cases. The Certificate of Eligibility (COE) is the document that proves it — your lender pulls it electronically through the VA portal in most cases.
How VA funding fee tiers actually work
The funding fee is the VA's version of mortgage insurance, except you pay it once instead of monthly. For purchases with $0 down, the 2026 schedule is 2.15% for first-time use and 3.3% for subsequent use. A 5% down payment drops first-use to 1.5% and subsequent-use to 1.5%. A 10% down payment drops both to 1.25%.
Veterans receiving disability compensation from the VA, those eligible to receive disability compensation but receiving retirement pay instead, Purple Heart recipients on active duty, and qualifying surviving spouses pay no funding fee. If you qualify as exempt, switch the toggle in the calculator — your monthly payment and lifetime cost both drop noticeably.
VA vs FHA vs conventional — which is cheapest?
For eligible veterans, VA is almost always cheaper. FHA requires 3.5% down and charges lifetime mortgage insurance premium (MIP) on most loans — typically 0.55% annual MIP plus a 1.75% upfront premium. That is roughly $170/month on a $375K loan, for the life of the loan.
Conventional loans avoid PMI only at 20% down. Below that, expect 0.3–1.5% annual PMI depending on credit and LTV. VA loans skip both of these, and the funding fee — even at 3.3% subsequent use — is usually less than the lifetime cost of FHA MIP on the same loan. Run both side-by-side in the calculators before you commit.
Common VA loan mistakes to avoid
- Paying the funding fee in cash when you could finance it and keep reserves liquid.
- Forgetting to claim the exemption when you have a disability rating — your lender will not always check automatically.
- Treating the VA funding fee like PMI and trying to avoid it with 20% down — the math rarely favors that.
- Not pulling your Certificate of Eligibility early in the process; it occasionally takes longer than expected.
- Using your full entitlement on a starter home when you may want to keep VA financing available for the next purchase.
- Skipping a VA appraisal contingency review — the VA appraisal protects you, do not waive it.